About triglycerides (TGs)

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About triglycerides (TGs)

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Not an actual patient.

What are TGs?

Triglycerides (TGs) are a type of fat your body uses to store energy.

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TGs come from the food we eat and are also made within the body itself.

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TGs travel in the bloodstream to provide energy throughout the body.

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Calories that aren't used are turned into TGs.

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TGs are stored in fat cells until the body needs the energy.

TGs play an important role in your body, but when levels are too high, they can raise your risk for certain health problems like pancreatitis. Pancreatitis is a painful inflammation of the pancreas that can be sudden and dangerous. That’s why doctors check your TGs along with other fats like cholesterol through a blood test called a lipid panel or lipid profile.

Exploring different TG levels

Below 150 mg/dL

Normal

This is considered to be a healthy range of TGs in the blood.

150-499 mg/dL

High TGs

This level is considered elevated or high.
Having high TGs can raise your risk of heart disease and can contribute to conditions such as fatty liver disease.

500 mg/dL or above
Very high TGs

This level of TGs is considered very high. Your doctor may refer to it as severe hypertriglyceridemia.

Having very high TGs can greatly increase your risk of pancreatitis and heart disease and can contribute to conditions like fatty liver disease.

Lowering the risk of pancreatitis is one of the most important reasons for people with very high TGs to keep their levels under control.

Above 880 mg/dL

Extremely high TGs

TGs above 880 mg/dL may possibly be related to a rare genetic condition called familial chylomicronemia syndrome (FCS) that can cause TGs to be 10 to 100 times above typical levels.

What are the symptoms of very
high TGs?

Very high TGs don’t just raise your risk for serious health problems, they can also affect how you feel every day. While not everyone with very high TGs notices symptoms, some have reported changes that affected their mood, energy, and overall well-being.

Some symptoms of very high TGs include:

Anxiety
Fatigue
Depression
Brain fog
Difficulty remembering things
Difficulty paying attention
Stomach pain
Difficulty thinking
Diarrhea

No symptoms with very high TGs

Some people living with very high TGs may not notice any symptoms. But not having symptoms doesn’t mean everything is fine. Managing your TGs is important to help reduce the risk of serious health problems.

Talking to Your Doctor About Your TGs

If you have very high TGs (500 mg/dL or above), it’s really important to work with your healthcare team to
make a plan. Bring this guide to your next appointment to help you ask the right questions and make the most of your conversation.

Download our discussion guide

What causes very high TGs?

Very high TGs are typically caused by a combination of many factors and differ from person to person. Finding what's behind your very high TGs can help you and your doctor better manage your TG levels with appropriate lifestyle changes and medications.

Lifestyle

Very high TGs can be caused by:

Foods high in fat
Sugary foods and drinks
Low physical activity
Alcohol

Health conditions

Some health conditions that can cause very high TGs:

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Metabolic issues
Hormone-related conditions
Inflammatory and autoimmune conditions
Liver and kidney problems

Medications

Common medications that may raise your TGs:

  • Certain water pills such as thiazide and loop diuretics used to treat swelling or high blood pressure
  • Medications called beta-blockers for blood pressure or heart conditions
  • Birth control pills
  • Hormone replacement therapy (HRT)
  • Some acne treatments such as isotretinoin
  • Steroid medication used to treat asthma or arthritis
  • Medications that lower cholesterol by removing bile acids
  • Protease inhibitors used to treat HIV
  • Certain immune-suppressing treatments such as sirolimus
  • Some medications used for mental health conditions like anxiety or depression
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Some medications can raise your TGs. Before making changes to your medications, talk to your doctor or healthcare team.

Genetic causes

For some people, genetics may partly explain why they have extremely high TGs. Some genetic causes for extremely high triglycerides include:

  • Familial chylomicronemia syndrome (FCS)
  • Multifactorial chylomicronemia syndrome (MCS)

Even if extremely high TGs are caused by genetics, eating healthy, being active, and taking prescribed medications are still important for managing TGs.

About FCS

FCS is a rare genetic condition that can cause TGs to be above 880 mg/dL, 10 to 100 times above the typical levels.

Learn more about FCS